Why are aircraft categories classified based on stalling speed?

Aircraft categories are classified based on stalling speed to standardize maneuverability with approach procedures. Stalling speed is a critical factor in determining the aircraft's performance during critical phases of flight, particularly during approaches and landings. By categorizing aircraft according to their stalling speeds, regulatory agencies can establish standardized procedures that ensure safety and consistency across different types of aircraft.

This classification relates directly to approach speeds, landing gear configuration, and stall margin, which are all essential in maintaining safe operational practices. When different categories of aircraft adhere to similar procedures tailored to their speed characteristics, it enhances safety by reducing the risk of accidents during these critical phases.

In the context of air traffic management, having a standardized approach also simplifies the training for pilots, as they can anticipate the performance characteristics of other aircraft within the same category. This ensures a better understanding of how to manage approaching and departing traffic, which is crucial for maintaining safe separation distances in busy airspaces.