Which navigation specifications does A-RNP incorporate?

A-RNP, or Authorization Required for Required Navigation Performance, is a performance-based navigation specification that combines various navigation capabilities and standards. The correct answer encompasses a comprehensive set of specifications: RNAV APCH, RNAV 1, RNAV 5, and RNP 1 / RNP 2.

These specifications indicate a range of navigation accuracy and functionality. RNAV APCH refers to the navigation systems used for approach procedures, while RNAV 1 and RNAV 5 represent specific accuracy requirements for en-route and terminal operations, where RNAV 1 permits a navigation accuracy of 1 nautical mile at all times, and RNAV 5 accommodates 5 nautical miles. Additionally, RNP 1 and RNP 2 denote required navigation performance levels, determining the necessary performance during specific phases of flight.

Incorporating such a broad spectrum of capabilities makes A-RNP versatile and suited for various operational contexts, maintaining high safety and efficiency in modern airspace. This thoroughness is what underscores the importance of option A as it reflects the multifaceted nature of A-RNP specifications in aviation navigation planning and execution.