What is the effect of having the centre of gravity near the aft limit?

When the center of gravity is positioned near the aft limit, this can lead to several aerodynamic advantages, particularly in terms of improving the maximum range of an aircraft. An aircraft with its center of gravity near the aft limit often exhibits improved aerodynamic efficiency during flight, as it allows for a more streamlined airflow over the wings. Consequently, this positioning reduces drag and allows the aircraft to maintain lift at lower speeds, which can translate to more efficient fuel consumption. This means that the aircraft can cover a greater distance on the same amount of fuel, effectively enhancing its range capabilities.

In terms of flight stability, although having the center of gravity at the aft limit could potentially reduce pitch stability, pilots are trained to manage this configuration effectively. The resulting benefits in aerodynamics and fuel efficiency often outweigh the stability concerns, especially under controlled flying conditions. Therefore, the correct understanding here reflects that positioning the center of gravity near the aft limit primarily enhances the maximum range of the aircraft.