What is the effect of an aft centre of gravity on maximum range and absolute ceiling?

An aft centre of gravity has a significant influence on the aerodynamic characteristics of an aircraft. When the centre of gravity is located towards the rear of the aircraft, it typically reduces the drag experienced in level flight, which can lead to increased maximum range. This is because the aircraft can achieve better lift-to-drag performance. The aircraft can fly more efficiently, allowing for longer distances to be covered without an increase in fuel consumption, thus maximizing range.

In terms of absolute ceiling, the aft centre of gravity can also contribute positively. An aircraft’s ability to climb higher is often enhanced with an aft CG, as it may allow for a more favorable angle of attack and reduce the drag associated with climbing. As a result, maximizing both range and absolute ceiling is an outcome of managing the aircraft's centre of gravity effectively towards the aft position.

The other options, while related to aspects of aircraft performance, do not focus on the specific benefits of an aft centre of gravity regarding maximum range and absolute ceiling, making them less relevant in this context.