What is the effect of an increased headwind component on the climb limited take-off mass?

The correct choice in the context of increased headwind component is that the climb limited take-off mass would decrease. When there is a headwind, the aircraft benefits from reduced groundspeed required for take-off, resulting in improved lift characteristics during the initial climb phase. This allows the aircraft to achieve necessary climb gradients for obstacle clearance more efficiently, which can lead to an increase in the allowable take-off mass.

However, if the option states that the effect is 'none', it overlooks the real physiological impact that a headwind has on performance metrics. The relationship between headwind conditions and take-off mass is crucial as it can often lead to an adjustment in the weight that the aircraft can safely operate under while still maintaining required climb performance.

So while the indicated answer suggests that there is no effect, it is essential to acknowledge the overall efficiency and performance gains that headwinds provide, allowing for potentially more mass under climb limitations. The incorrect choice does not consider these dynamics that come into play with headwind effects on performance calculations.