What happens to cruise range when the centre of gravity moves from the forward to the aft limit?

When the center of gravity (CG) moves from the forward limit to the aft limit, the cruise range of the aircraft is typically increased. This is primarily because a more aft-center-of-gravity position allows the aircraft to fly more efficiently at a lower angle of attack. This efficiency translates into reduced drag and, subsequently, improved fuel efficiency during cruise flight.

A forward CG position tends to require more lift and potentially greater drag to maintain level flight, while an aft CG position reduces the need for lift as the aircraft can maintain flight with less angle of attack. This allows the aircraft to cruise at lower power settings, which conserves fuel and extends the range.

As a result, with an aft CG position, the aircraft’s ability to glide or maintain cruise without excessive fuel consumption is enhanced, thereby increasing the overall cruise range.